Fiber Phenotype and Coenzyme Q10 Content in Turkey Skeletal Muscles

Phenotypical differences between muscle fibers are associated with a source of cellular energy. Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 ) is a major component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation process, and it significantly contributes to the production of cellular energy in the form of ATP. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between whole-tissue CoQ 10 content, mitochondrial CoQ 10 content, mitochondrial protein, and muscle phenotype in turkeys. Four specialized muscles (anterior latissimus dorsi, ALD; posterior latissimus dorsi, PLD; pectoralis major, PM, and biceps femoris, BF) were evaluated in 9and 20-week-old turkey toms. The amount of muscle mitochondrial protein was determined using the Bradford assay and CoQ 10 content was measured using HPLC-UV. The amount of mitochondrial protein relative to total protein was significantly lower (p ! 0.05) at 9 compared to 20 weeks of age. All ALD fibers stained positive for anti-slow (S35) MyHC antibody. The PLD and PM muscle fibers revealed no staining for slow myosin heavy chain (S35 MyHC), whereas half of BF muscle fibers exhibited staining for S35 MyHC at 9 weeks and 70% at 20 weeks of age. The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) staining data revealed that SDH significantly increases (p ! 0.05) in ALD and BF muscles and significantly decreases (p ! 0.05) in PLD and Accepted after revision: May 11, 2010 Published online: July 28, 2010 Lidia S. Nierobisz Department of Poultry Science North Carolina State University, Scott Hall 124 2711 Founders Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695 (USA) Tel. +1 919 515 5530, Fax +1 919 515 2625, E-Mail lsnierob @ ncsu.edu © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel 1422–6405/10/1926–0382$26.00/0 Accessible online at: www.karger.com/cto Abbreviations used in this paper R fast-oxidative muscle W fast-glycolytic muscle ALD anterior latissimus dorsi ANOVA analysis of variance ATP adenosine triphosphate ATPase adenosinetriphosphatase R slow-oxidative muscle BF biceps femoris BSA bovine serum albumin CoQ10 coenzyme Q10 EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid F59 fast variant of myosin heavy chain GAPDH glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase HPLC-UV high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet MyHC myosin heavy chain NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide PLD posterior latissimus dorsi PM pectoralis major SDH succinate dehydrogenase S35 slow variant of myosin heavy chain TCA tricarboxylic acid D ow nl oa de d by : 54 .7 0. 40 .1 1 1/ 1/ 20 18 7 :0 7: 11 P M